You grow facial hair because oestrogen falls steeply while androgens decline more slowly, so the ratio between them shifts. Follicles on the chin and upper lip have always been the most androgen-sensitive on a woman's face, and fine hairs there turn into thicker, pigmented ones. Two in five women report it.
Hair follicles at what are called secondary hair sites, the chin, upper lip, jaw and neck, are more sensitive to androgens than follicles elsewhere. They always were. What changes in the transition is the ratio: oestrogen falls steeply around the final period, androgen production declines more gradually, and the ratio those follicles respond to shifts. Under androgen influence, small vellus follicles that produced tiny, almost invisible hairs enlarge and start producing bigger pigmented hairs. Nothing new has appeared. Existing follicles have changed what they make.
This is common enough to be ordinary. In a population-based study of post-menopausal women, 39% reported gaining facial hair, and the chin was the most frequent site at 32%. The same study found two distinct patterns of hair change: diffuse scalp thinning that travelled with body hair loss and older age, and frontal hair loss that travelled with higher facial hair scores at a relatively younger age. A New Zealand clinical reference puts it plainly, that facial hirsutism is very common in post-menopausal women not taking hormone therapy.
The version that needs a doctor is different, and the difference is speed and company. Hirsutism that comes on quickly, or arrives alongside a deepening voice, balding at the temples, acne, increased muscle bulk or a decrease in breast size, points at a larger androgen excess rather than the ordinary shift, and that is investigated. Clinical guidance is that hirsutism is diagnosed clinically and blood tests are not usually needed unless the score is above fifteen on the standard scale or there are signs like those.
The usual causesoestrogen falling faster than androgensfollicles that were always androgen-sensitivefamily patterninsulin resistance in some womensome medicinesless commonly, a treatable hormonal cause